[311] The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,[312] Hong Kong Baptist University,[313] Lingnan University,[314] Education University of Hong Kong,[315] Open University of Hong Kong,[316] Hong Kong Shue Yan University and The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong were all established in subsequent years. The average salaries for Software Developers are around 400,000 HKD or more. 'They are willing to sacrifice everything': Ai Weiwei pays tribute to the Hong Kong protesters. Lee Lai-shan won the territory's first and only Olympic gold medal at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics. The most common companies reported by employees working in Hong Kong. [225] The territory's minimal taxation, common law system, and civil service attract overseas corporations wishing to establish a presence in Asia. [293][294], Hong Kong represents itself separately from mainland China, with its own sports teams in international competitions. Elections. [147][148], In 2020, in a period of large-scale protests, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress passed the controversial Hong Kong national security law. [32], The name of the territory, first romanised as "He-Ong-Kong" in 1780,[35] originally referred to a small inlet located between Aberdeen Island and the southern coast of Hong Kong Island. In general, the rest day is paid in Hong Kong. [142] Sex trafficking in Hong Kong is an issue. Portugal acquired a permanent lease for Macau in 1557. Fresh market data paired with robust analytics. About 7 million people in Hong Kong will receive a cash handout of $10,000 Hong Kong dollars (roughly $1,280 in U.S. dollars) this year. By the early 1990s, Hong Kong had established itself as a global financial centre and shipping hub. [55] Qing authorities established the Canton System in 1757 to regulate trade more strictly, restricting non-Russian ships to the port of Canton. Les affaires de Hong Kong sont les affaires intérieures de la Chine, où les autres pays ne devraient pas s'immiscer, juge Azamat Seïtov, professeur à l'Université nationale d'Ouzbékistan. [292] The territory regularly hosts the Hong Kong Sevens, Hong Kong Marathon, Hong Kong Tennis Classic and Lunar New Year Cup, and hosted the inaugural AFC Asian Cup and the 1995 Dynasty Cup. You then pay for the transfer and track the movement. [105], Twenty-two political parties had representatives elected to the Legislative Council in the 2016 election. [20][e], Originally a sparsely populated area of farming and fishing villages,[16] the territory has become one of the world's most significant financial centres and commercial ports. For Kim Jones' debut Fendi collection, he reflects on transcendent romance and timeless creativity, drawing on the renegade British sensibility of the Bloomsbury Group of early 20th century British thinkers and artists, while still paying homage to the storied history of the Roman house. [16] The colony expanded to the Kowloon Peninsula in 1860 after the Second Opium War and was further extended when Britain obtained a 99-year lease of the New Territories in 1898. [243] Bus services operate more than 700 routes across the territory,[236] with smaller public light buses (also known as minibuses) serving areas standard buses do not reach as frequently or directly. [241] Vehicle traffic is extremely congested in urban areas, exacerbated by limited space to expand roads and an increasing number of vehicles. However, Hong Kong is not open to Afghans, Albanians, Cubans, North Koreans and Chinese from the mainland (unless they are permanent residents in another country). [242] More than 18,000 taxicabs, easily identifiable by their bright colour, are licensed to carry riders in the territory. All employees covered by the Employment Ordinance, irrespective of their hours of work, are entitled to basic protection under the Ordinance. [99] Its judicial system is based on common law, continuing the legal tradition established during British rule. Private schools subsidised under the Direct Subsidy Scheme and international schools fall outside of this system and may elect to use differing curricula and teach using other languages. Employers may be making more redundancies than usual as Hong Kong finds itself facing a time of political and economic uncertainty. Other languages being used as medium of instruction in non-international school education includes English and Putonghua (Standard Mandarin Chinese). [281] By the 1960s, the city was well known to overseas audiences through films such as The World of Suzie Wong. À Hong Kong, l’énorme budget consacré à la sécurité nationale suscite la crainte. Typhoons occur most often then, sometimes resulting in floods or landslides. The University of Hong Kong was founded as the city's first institute of higher education during the early colonial period in 1911. À Hong Kong, la radio-télévision publique bientôt dirigée par un apparatchik Hong Kong (Chinese: 香港, Cantonese: [hœ́ːŋ.kɔ̌ːŋ] (listen)), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (HKSAR) (simplified Chinese: 中华人民共和国香港特别行政区; traditional Chinese: 中華人民共和國香港特別行政區), is a metropolitan area and special administrative region of the People's Republic of China on the eastern Pearl River Delta of the South China Sea. Step 1: Calculate the assessable value. Common cha chaan teng menu items include macaroni in soup, deep-fried French toast, and Hong Kong-style milk tea. [30] The city has the largest number of skyscrapers of any city in the world,[31] and its residents have some of the highest life expectancies in the world. [114] Furthermore, in circumstances where the Standing Committee declares a state of emergency in Hong Kong, the State Council may enforce national law in the region. [101][102][103], The Legislative Council has 70 members, each serving a four-year term. [39] The name was also commonly written as the single word Hongkong until 1926, when the government officially adopted the two-word name. This electoral arrangement has guaranteed a pro-establishment majority in the legislature since the transfer of sovereignty. Hongkonger and foreign women and girls are forced into prostitution in brothels, homes, and businesses in the city. There are a total of 479 district council seats, 452 of which are directly elected. [305] Lower than that of other developed economies, the rate is due to the influx of refugees from mainland China during the post-war colonial era. [17][18] The whole territory was transferred to China in 1997. [290] The publicly funded Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra, the territory's oldest professional symphony orchestra, frequently host musicians and conductors from overseas. Canada is a second home for many Hong Kong residents after their families moved to the Vancouver and Toronto areas ahead of the British handover of its former colony to China in 1997. Défense. [154] Urban development is concentrated on the Kowloon Peninsula, Hong Kong Island, and in new towns throughout the New Territories. Rice is the staple food, and is usually served plain with other dishes. [296], Dragon boat races originated as a religious ceremony conducted during the annual Tuen Ng Festival. [164] The highest and lowest recorded temperatures in all of Hong Kong are 39.0 °C (102 °F) at Wetland Park on 22 August 2017,[165] and −6.0 °C (21.2 °F) at Tai Mo Shan on 24 January 2016. However, Hong Kong indeed has one of the most attractive income tax rates of any of the first-world economies. Le coefficient de Gini s’élève en 2017 à 0,53 (0,33 pour la France), situant Hong Kong au 12e rang du classement des pays les plus inégalitaires. The race was revived as a modern sport as part of the Tourism Board's efforts to promote Hong Kong's image abroad. [253], The Peak Tram, Hong Kong's first public transport system, has provided funicular rail transport between Central and Victoria Peak since 1888. Evolving from Shanghai-style shidaiqu, it is also influenced by Cantonese opera and Western pop. Hong Kong est une région administrative spéciale (RAS) de la République populaire de Chine située dans le sud du pays. [188] Headline population density of about 6,800 people/km2 does not reflect true densities since only 6.9% of land is residential, the residential average population density calculates closer to a highly cramped 100,000/km2. Hong Kong – Skyline de nuit. [134] Although universal suffrage for Chief Executive and all Legislative Council elections are defined goals of Basic Law Articles 45 and 68,[135] the legislature is only partially directly elected and the executive continues to be nominated by an unrepresentative body. Hong Kong's major English-language newspaper is the South China Morning Post, with The Standard serving as a business-oriented alternative. The MTR operates its Light Rail system, serving the northwestern New Territories. The Qing surrendered early in the war and ceded Hong Kong Island in the Convention of Chuenpi. Autrefois bastion de la liberté de la presse, la région administrative spéciale de Hong Kong a connu un recul dramatique depuis sa rétrocession à la Chine, passant du 18e rang à la création du Classement mondial RSF de la liberté de la presse en 2002 à la 80e place cette année. [244] Highways, organised with the Hong Kong Strategic Route and Exit Number System, connect all major areas of the territory. The colony faced an uncertain future as the end of the New Territories lease approached, and Governor Murray MacLehose raised the question of Hong Kong's status with Deng Xiaoping in 1979. The archaeological works revealed knapped stone tools from deposits with an optical luminescence dating between 35,000 and 39,000 years ago. [297], The Hong Kong Jockey Club, the territory's largest taxpayer,[298] has a monopoly on gambling and provides over seven per cent of government revenue. HONG KONG, CHINA - NOVEMBER 24: Barnabus Fung (2nd R) and Patrick Nip Tak-kuen (2nd L) empty a ballot box to count votes at a polling station on November 24, 2019 in Hong Kong, China. The central government has a print-media presence in the territory through the state-owned Ta Kung Pao and Wen Wei Po. [225] The city has the second-highest number of corporate headquarters in the Asia-Pacific region. While I agree that it was weird for him to make you pay for drinks — he was keen to go there, after all — there’s no “right” or “wrong” way of handling who pays for a first date in Hong Kong. [323], Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}22°18′N 114°12′E / 22.3°N 114.2°E / 22.3; 114.2, Metropolitan area and special administrative region of the People's Republic of China, Special administrative region in People's Republic of China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, Political reforms and sociopolitical issues, No specific variety of Chinese is official in the territory. Post-handover administrations continued and expanded these programmes, including export-credit guarantees, a compulsory pension scheme, a minimum wage, anti-discrimination laws, and a state mortgage backer. Even foreigners have to pay taxes. Traditional Chinese values emphasising family and education blend with Western ideals, including economic liberty and the rule of law. [91] The Sino-British Joint Declaration provided for economic and administrative continuity through the transfer of sovereignty,[75] resulting in an executive-led governing system largely inherited from the territory's history as a British colony. [256] The vast majority of this energy comes from fossil fuels, with 46 per cent from coal and 47 per cent from petroleum. [235], Hong Kong generates most of its electricity locally. [309] The Chinese University of Hong Kong was established in 1963 to fill the need for a university that taught using Chinese as its primary language of instruction. The average salary in Hong Kong is HK$365k. Local publications are often politically affiliated, with pro-Beijing or pro-democracy sympathies. [159] The territory has a diverse ecosystem; over 3,000 species of vascular plants occur in the region (300 of which are native to Hong Kong), and thousands of insect, avian, and marine species. Prices for Hong Kong's famous Peak Tram to increase for second time in less than two years", "Let Hongkongers serve in China's People's Liberation Army, says top military official", "A case for inclusion: Carrie Lam pledges to tout list of 16 ethnic minority Hongkongers for government advisory positions", "Once the World's Greatest Port, Hong Kong Sinks in Global Ranking", "As Hong Kong goes to the polls, why isn't the Communist Party on the ballot? Le 10 mars, le comité exécutif de TDM a établi neuf directives enjoignant les journalistes à ne pas critiquer les autorités. [189] Post-handover governments have promoted Mandarin, which is currently about as prevalent as English; 48.6 per cent of the population speaks Mandarin, with 1.9 per cent native speakers and 46.7 per cent speaking it as a second language. Le raisonnement se tient car Hong-Kong a son propre drapeau, sa propre économie, sa propre monnaie et même une langue différente de celle utilisée dans le reste de la Chine. There is income tax for every individual in Hong Kong. [260], With few natural lakes and rivers, high population density, inaccessible groundwater sources, and extremely seasonal rainfall, the territory does not have a reliable source of freshwater. [214], Although the territory had one of Asia's largest manufacturing economies during the latter half of the colonial era, Hong Kong's economy is now dominated by the service sector. [40] Some corporations founded during the early colonial era still keep this name, including Hongkong Land, Hongkong Electric Company, Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels and the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC). Legislative Council members elected by functional constituencies composed of professional and special interest groups are accountable to those narrow corporate electorates and not the general public. [36] Although the source of the romanised name is unknown, it is generally believed to be an early phonetic rendering of the Cantonese pronunciation hēung góng. À Hong Kong, un procès de masse contre les démocrates. Hong Kong : à l’écoute des grands espaces. [181] Examples include Lui Seng Chun, the Blue House in Wan Chai, and the Shanghai Street shophouses in Mong Kok. High levels of humidity and a difficult course make finishing times for the Hong Kong Marathon compara Fifty per cent of China's trade goods were routed through Hong Kong in 1997, dropping to about 13 per cent by 2015. During the 1980s, films such as A Better Tomorrow, As Tears Go By, and Zu Warriors from the Magic Mountain expanded global interest beyond martial arts films; locally made gangster films, romantic dramas, and supernatural fantasies became popular. Ces dernières semaines, les dirigeants de Radio Television Hong Kong (RTHK) et Teledifusão de Macau (TDM) ont mis en place des dispositifs de censure faisant peser une menace sur l’indépendance éditoriale de leurs groupes respectifs. A new mural intended to pay tribute to Hong Kong’s 2019 protesters and raise awareness of the struggle for democracy has become the latest addition to … [19] As a special administrative region, Hong Kong maintains separate governing and economic systems from that of mainland China under the principle of "one country, two systems". [71][72] Although the territory's competitiveness in manufacturing gradually declined because of rising labour and property costs, it transitioned to a service-based economy. Thus, only profits sourced in Hong Kong would be taxable whereas a person's overseas income will not be taxable. [292] The territory has participated in almost every Summer Olympics since 1952, and has earned three medals. [129], The imposition of Hong Kong national security law by the central government in Beijing in June 2020 resulted in the suspension of bilateral extradition treaties by the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand in July and in October by Finland and Ireland. Look who is being punished for the Hong Kong protests, and who is not: SCMP chief news editor Yonden Lhatoo calls out the adults who have fled Hong Kong, leaving children to pay the price as authorities in the city pursue criminal cases related the 2019 protests. [61], The colony was further expanded in 1898 when Britain obtained a 99-year lease of the New Territories. The public-housing estate programme, Independent Commission Against Corruption, and Mass Transit Railway were all established during the post-war decades to provide safer housing, integrity in the civil service, and more-reliable transportation. [287] Despite a general decline since late in the decade,[288] Cantopop remains dominant in Hong Kong; contemporary artists such as Eason Chan, Joey Yung, and Twins are popular in and beyond the territory. [44] As hinted by the archaeological works in Sha Ha, Sai Kung, rice cultivation had been introduced since Late Neolithic period. In Hong Kong, personal tax is often referred to salary tax. Can It Learn to Grow? [157][158] About 40 per cent of the remaining land area are country parks and nature reserves. [24] Hong Kong is home to the second-highest number of billionaires of any city in the world,[25] the highest number of billionaires of any city in Asia, and the largest concentration of ultra high-net-worth individuals of any city in the world. [155] Much of this is built on reclaimed land; 70 km2 (27 sq mi) (six per cent of the total land or about 25 per cent of developed space in the territory) is reclaimed from the sea. To reduce the trade imbalance, the British sold large amounts of Indian opium to China. [195] Although median household income steadily increased during the decade to 2016, the wage gap remained high;[196] the 90th percentile of earners receive 41 per cent of all income. The Census and Statistics Department estimated Hong Kong's population at 7,482,500 in mid-2019. [228], The government has had a passive role in the economy. Faced with a drug crisis, Qing officials pursued ever more aggressive actions to halt the opium trade. [108] The Chinese Communist Party does not have an official political presence in Hong Kong, and its members do not run in local elections. The overwhelming majority (92 per cent) is Han Chinese,[6] most of whom are Taishanese, Teochew, Hakka, and a number of other Cantonese peoples. [193] The universal public healthcare system is funded by general-tax revenue, and treatment is highly subsidised; on average, 95 per cent of healthcare costs are covered by the government. How the pandemic has affected wages across the U.S. [119][120], The Hong Kong Garrison of the People's Liberation Army is responsible for the region's defence. Hong Kong has the second freest and 35th largest economy in the world with a GDP of $366 billion in 2019. Pékin érode toujours davantage le principe « Un pays, deux systèmes » en vigueur à Hong Kong depuis sa rétrocession à la Chine en 1997. [268][269] Most migrants of that era fled poverty and war, reflected in the prevailing attitude toward wealth; Hongkongers tend to link self-image and decision-making to material benefits. [57], In 1839, the Daoguang Emperor rejected proposals to legalise and tax opium and ordered imperial commissioner Lin Zexu to eradicate the opium trade. The physical number plates are not provided by the government, but are made by garages to the order of the car owner. "To restore calm in Hong Kong, try democracy", Guidelines on the Legislative Council Election 2016, LegCo and DC Member Political Affiliations 2017, "Legislation Summary: Hong Kong National Security Law", Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Passports Ordinance, Constitution of the People's Republic of China, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, "List of Treaties in Force and Applicable to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region", "Ireland suspends its extradition treaty with Hong Kong", "Trump ends preferential economic treatment for Hong Kong", "Meanings of Right of Abode and Other Terms", Immigration Department, "New ways to help Hong Kong's human trafficking victims", "Human trafficking in Hong Kong: hidden in plain sight", "Fed up with human trafficking, Hong Kong migrant workers hold vigil demanding justice", "Hong Kong must lead the fight against human trafficking, rather than just do the bare minimum", "Harsh Penalties, Vaguely Defined Crimes: Hong Kong's Security Law Explained", "Hong Kong National Security Law Promulgated, Came into Effect June 30, 2020", "UK says China's security law is serious violation of Hong Kong treaty", "Hong Kong pro-democracy politicians arrested", "Survey and Mapping Office - Circulars and Publications", "Land Use in Hong Kong 2017", Planning Department, "The Natural Environment, Plants & Animals in Hong Kong", "Extreme Values and Dates of Occurrence of Extremes of Meteorological Elements between 1884 and 1939 and 1947–2017 for Hong Kong", "Automatic Weather Observations yearly Extract", "Monthly Meteorological Normals for Hong Kong (1991-2020)", "Extreme Values and Dates of Occurrence of Extremes of Meteorological Elements between 1884-1939 and 1947-2020 for Hong Kong)", Standing Committee Interpretation Concerning Implementation of Chinese Nationality Law in Hong Kong, Developing a Supplementary Guide to the Chinese Language Curriculum for Non-Chinese Speaking Students 2008, "Hong Kong ranked world's freest economy for 18th consecutive year". [90], Hong Kong is a special administrative region of China, with executive, legislative, and judicial powers devolved from the national government. The State Council (led by the Premier of China) appoints the Chief Executive after nomination by the Election Committee, which is composed of 1,200 business, community, and government leaders. The territory was the first market outside mainland China for renminbi-denominated bonds, and is one of the largest hubs for offshore renminbi trading. [179] The Ping Shan Heritage Trail has architectural examples of several imperial Chinese dynasties, including the Tsui Sing Lau Pagoda (Hong Kong's only remaining pagoda). [282] When Bruce Lee's Way of the Dragon was released in 1972, local productions became popular outside Hong Kong. [245] The Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge provides a direct route to the western side of the Pearl River estuary. [267] Although the vast majority of the population is ethnically Chinese, Hong Kong has developed a distinct identity. [295] Hong Kong athletes have won 126 medals at the Paralympic Games and 17 at the Commonwealth Games. [235] With a daily ridership of over five million, the system serves 41 per cent of all public transit passengers in the city[236] and has an on-time rate of 99.9 per cent. [51][52] Portuguese merchants established a trading post called Tamão in Hong Kong waters and began regular trade with southern China. The city's martial arts film roots are evident in the roles of the most prolific Hong Kong actors. La Chine cogite sur l'amélioration du système électoral de la Région administrative spéciale de Hong Kong (RASHK), mais des critiques surgissent indiq Le Tribunal de district de Hong Kong a déclaré jeudi sept figures de l'opposition coupables d'organisation et de participation à un rassemblement illégal lors d'une manifestation monstre en 2019. [204], Hong Kong is the tenth-largest trading entity in exports and imports (2017), trading more goods in value than its gross domestic product. [66] The Imperial Japanese Army attacked Hong Kong on 8 December 1941, the same morning as its attack on Pearl Harbor. The government was forced to use substantial foreign exchange reserves to maintain the Hong Kong dollar's currency peg during the 1997 Asian financial crisis,[69] and the recovery from this was muted by an H5N1 avian-flu outbreak[79] and a housing surplus. A variety of Chinese-language newspapers are published daily; the most prominent are Ming Pao, Oriental Daily News, and Apple Daily. However, buying land is a different story. Sending the money is quite simple. However, both countries were dissatisfied and did not ratify the agreement. Ainsi 1,2 % de la population possède 53 % du patrimoine, et les dix-huit personnes les plus riches détiennent 140 milliards d’euros, soit … Follow wage changes of U.S. workers over time. The incense was stored near Aberdeen Harbour for export before Victoria Harbour developed. [191] Followers of other religions, including Sikhism, Hinduism, Judaism, and the Baháʼí Faith, generally originate from regions where their religion predominates. [76] Over half a million people left the territory during the peak migration period, from 1987 to 1996. [285] Local media featured songs by artists such as Sam Hui, Anita Mui, Leslie Cheung, and Alan Tam; during the 1980s, exported films and shows exposed Cantopop to a global audience. [67] Hong Kong was occupied by Japan for almost four years before Britain resumed control on 30 August 1945. Annual Compensation Best Practices Report. Buy what you want and pay later with Atome. It is the most popular Chinese city for tourists, receiving over 70 per cent more visitors than its closest competitor (Macau). [254] The Central and Western District has an extensive system of escalators and moving pavements, including the Mid-Levels escalator (the world's longest outdoor covered escalator system). Furthermore, the State Council may enforce national law in the region under specific circumstances. Although the traders were expelled after military clashes in the 1520s,[53] Portuguese-Chinese trade relations were re-established by 1549. Do you know what people like you are earning? [18] The University of Hong Kong was established in 1911 as the territory's first institution of higher education. [249], The Star Ferry operates two lines across Victoria Harbour for its 53,000 daily passengers. [237] Cross-boundary train service to Shenzhen is offered by the East Rail line, and longer-distance inter-city trains to Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Beijing are operated from Hung Hom station.