[14] He argued adamantly that war with the United States was necessary to achieve unification. Pushed into Cambodia, the Viet Cong could no longer draw South Vietnamese recruits. What does vietcong mean? Vietcong, also Viet Cong Abbr. Les cookies nous aident à fournir les services. Viet Cong (vēĕt` kông), officially Viet Nam Cong San [Vietnamese Communists], People's Liberation Armed Forces in South Vietnam. Tales of sensational murder and mayhem soon crowded the headlines. Vocabulaire apparenté par le sens [modifier le wikicode] vietminh; Traductions [modifier le wikicode] What does Viet Cong mean? More than 250,000 words that aren't in our free dictionary Soutenus par le Vietnam du Nord (et donc par le Viet-Minh… c’est bien, vous suivez), ils sont à l’origine d’une guérilla très efficace contre les troupes américaines: « pièges à cons » (voir encadré ci-dessous), réseaux de tunnels au cœur de la jungle, dissimulation au milieu de la population paysanne,…. Le Viêt Cong désigne les forces de guérilla agissant au Sud Viet Nâm (la République du Viet Nâm), de 1954 jusqu’à l’annexion de ce pays par son voisin du Nord, la … After the fall of Saigon on April 30, 1975, the PRG moved into government offices there. En septembre 1940, l'Empire du Japon envahit l'Indochine française, dont il fait une base arrière pour ses troupes durant tout le reste de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. ], personne combattant dans un conflit armé[Classe...], conflit armé international entre états[Classe], conflit armé visant à libérer un état, une nation[Classe], Annam, république socialiste du Viêt-Nam, Vietnam, Viet-nam, Viêt Nam[Thème], membre d'une organisation paramilitaire[Classe], Guerre du Viêt Nam, guerre du Viêt-nam[Thème], dictionnaire et traducteur pour sites web. L'encyclopédie française bénéficie de la licence Wikipedia (GNU). Propagandists celebrated their creation of battalions of "long-hair troops" (women). The level of violence in the South jumped dramatically in the fall of 1961, from 50 guerrilla attacks in September to 150 in October. [40] The Soviets cut aid in 1964 as an expression of annoyance with Hanoi's ties to China. North Vietnamese leaders debated the issue of "quick victory" vs "protracted war" (guerrilla warfare). A divided Vietnam angered Vietnamese nationalists, but it made the country less of a threat to China. [52] Viet Cong death squads assassinated at least 37,000 civilians in South Vietnam; the real figure was far higher since the data mostly cover 1967–72. (, Military History Institute of Vietnam,(2002). [28] Moscow favored reducing international tensions in 1960, as it was election year for the U.S. [17] President Hồ Chí Minh stressed that violence was still a last resort. [12] France withdrew its last soldiers from Vietnam in April 1956.[13]. Meaning of Viet Cong. Nous contacter [56][nb 7] He submitted a plan to Hanoi in May 1967. Definition of vietcong in the Definitions.net dictionary. [39] The "special war" and "strategic hamlets" policies allowed Saigon to push back in 1962, but in 1963 the Viet Cong regained the military initiative. [80] With U.S. bombing ended, communist logistical preparations could be accelerated. [75] After the overthrow of Prince Sihanouk in March 1970, the Viet Cong faced a hostile Cambodian government which authorized a U.S. offensive against its bases in April. The LASV had both guerrilla and regular army units, as well as a network of cadres who organized peasants in the territory the Viet Cong controlled. Le Front national de libération du Sud Viêt Nam, ou Front national pour la libération du Sud Viêt Nam ou Front de libération nationale du Sud Viêt Nam (FNL ou FLN) officiellement Mặt trận Dân tộc giải phóng miền Nam Việt Nam (Front populaire pour la libération du Sud du Vietnam), abrégé en Mặt trận Giải phóng miền Nam (Front pour la libération du Sud), et également désigné sous le nom de Việt Cộng (dénomination péjorative initialement utilisée par ses adversaires, également orthographiée Viet-Cong o… Military forces of the non-communists regrouped in South Vietnam, which became a separate state. Hanoi gave the regroupees military training and sent them back to the South along the Ho Chi Minh trail in the early 1960s. ○   Anagrammes [nb 2] In 1969, the Viet Cong created the "Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam" (Chính Phủ Cách Mạng Lâm Thời Cộng Hòa Miền Nam Việt Nam, abbreviated PRG. While Beijing urged a fight to the finish, Moscow suggested a negotiated settlement. [nb 8] Trà himself was deputy chief of staff for the PAVN before being assigned to the South. Vietcong: Meaning and Definition of. [6], The Vietnam Workers Party approved a "people's war" on the South at a session in January 1959 and this decision was confirmed by the Politburo in March. [66] Tet had a profound psychological impact because South Vietnamese cities were otherwise safe areas during the war.  | Informations At the victory parade, Tạng noticed that the units formerly dominated by southerners were missing, replaced by northerners years earlier. [84] They said some statements issued by communist leaders in the 1980s and 1990s suggested that southern communist forces were influenced by Hanoi. [73] COSVN rejected this view as "lacking resolution and absolute determination. Vietcong - Traduction Anglais-Français : Retrouvez la traduction de Vietcong, mais également des exemples avec le mot Vietcong... - Dictionnaire, définitions, traduction, section_expression, conjugaison. The National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam (NLF), was a communist army based in South Vietnam that fought against the governments of South Vietnam and the United States during the Vietnam War (1955-75). [13] In May 1959, Group 559 was established to maintain and upgrade the Ho Chi Minh trail, at this time a six-month mountain trek through Laos. South Vietnam's Law 10/59, approved in May 1959, authorized the death penalty for crimes "against the security of the state" and featured prominently in Viet Cong propaganda. [11] Within a few months, the Viet Cong had been driven into remote swamps. Who Were the Viet Cong? [42] Soviet aid soared following a visit to Hanoi by Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin in February 1965. A member of the communist guerrilla movement in Vietnam that fought the South Vietnamese government forces 1954–75 with the support of the North Vietnamese army and opposed the South Vietnamese and US forces in the Vietnam War. [nb 3] Although the NLF was not officially abolished until 1977, the Viet Cong no longer used the name after PRG was created. "[74] The Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in August 1968 led to intense Sino-Soviet tension and to the withdrawal of Chinese forces from North Vietnam. [81] Between the beginning of 1974 and April 1975, with now-excellent roads and no fear of air interdiction, the communists delivered nearly 365,000 tons of war matériel to battlefields, 2.6 times the total for the previous 13 years. The term was originally applied by Diem's regime to Communist troops (about 10,000) left in hideouts in South Vietnam after the Geneva Conference of 1954, following the French Indochina War (1946–54). The Viet Minh had become the government of Democratic Republic of Vietnam since the Vietnamese 1946 general election, and military forces of the communists regrouped there. [6] The ratio of Viet Cong to government soldiers jumped from 1:10 in 1961 to 1:5 a year later.[36]. (PRG), The Tet Offensive increased American public discontent with participation in the Vietnam War and led the U.S. to gradually withdraw combat forces and to shift responsibility to the South Vietnamese, a process called Vietnamization. [6] A series of uprisings beginning in the Mekong Delta province of Bến Tre in January 1960 created "liberated zones", models of Viet Cong-style government. Les lettres doivent être adjacentes et les mots les plus longs sont les meilleurs. [76] Although 1970 was a much better year for the Viet Cong than 1969,[76] it would never again be more than an adjunct to the PAVN. Desiring "businesslike" relations, the Kremlin favored incumbent, Trà begins, "How did the B2 theater carry out the mission assigned it by the Military Commission of the Party Central Committee?" [68], Aside from some districts in the Mekong Delta, the Viet Cong failed to create a governing apparatus in South Vietnam following Tet, according to an assessment of captured documents by the U.S. [30] Violence between the Viet Cong and government forces soon increased drastically from 180 clashes in January 1960 to 545 clashes in September. "Charlie" referred to communist forces in general, both Viet Cong and North Vietnamese. Related Words. On July 8, the Viet Cong killed two U.S. military advisors at Biên Hòa, the first American dead of the Vietnam War. The truth was that Tet cost us half our forces. Of or relating to the Vietcong. In March, Trà was recalled to Hanoi for a series of meetings to hammer out a plan for an enormous offensive against Saigon. En savoir plus. Changer la langue cible pour obtenir des traductions. [6] Other front names used by the Viet Cong in the 1950s implied that members were fighting for religious causes, for example, "Executive Committee of the Fatherland Front", which suggested affiliation with the Hòa Hảo sect, or "Vietnam-Cambodia Buddhist Association". The NVA and Viet Cong both had three sapper branches: naval, urban and field. et Cong (vē-ĕt′kŏng′, -kông′, vē′ĭt-, vyĕt′-) n. pl. Astuce: parcourir les champs sémantiques du dictionnaire analogique en plusieurs langues pour mieux apprendre avec sensagent. The Phoenix Program (Vietnamese: Chiến dịch Phụng Hoàng) was a program designed and coordinated by the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) during the Vietnam War, involving the American, Australian and South Vietnamese militaries.. un suspect vietcong d'une balle en plein tête, ou celle de Huyng Cong (« Nick ») Ut montrant une fillette nue, brûlée par le napalm, qui fuit son village en hurlant. They could be called irregulars, insurgents, guerrillas…but not infantry. Le Viet Cong a été formé en 1954 et a duré jusqu’en 1976, quand il a été dissoute. Vietcong Definition: the Communist-led guerrilla force and revolutionary army of South Vietnam ; the armed... | Bedeutung, Aussprache, Übersetzungen und Beispiele [38] The USS Core arrived in Saigon with 35 helicopters in December 1961. There was also a U.S. presidential election in 1964. For Revisionists, Viet Cong is a fitting term that illustrates Russia, China, and North Vietnam’s control of the insurgency. Viet definition is - a member of the Vietminh. [7] The earliest citation for Viet Cong in English is from 1957. 14060 (1140) We went into that commission with what we called an open mouth policy which allowed Canada to make public all violations to the peace, which were for the most part by the Viet Cong . [27] The fiery declarations of 1959 were followed by a lull while Hanoi focused on events in Laos (1960–61). [6] Seventeen civilians were killed by machine gun fire at a bar in Châu Đốc in July and in September a district chief was killed with his entire family on a main highway in broad daylight. Arguing that a free election was impossible under the conditions that existed in communist-held territory, Diệm announced in July 1955 that the scheduled election on reunification would not be held. Il est aussi possible de jouer avec la grille de 25 cases. vietcong definition, meaning, French dictionary, synonym, see also 'vection',viêt-muong',vireton',vietnamo', Reverso dictionary, French definition, French vocabulary Even though the Viet Cong, or “National Liberation Front for South Vietnam”, were in some ways an arm of the People’s Army of Vietnam in the North, fighting the same cause (against the U.S. and the Southern Vietnamese government the U.S. was supporting), in fact some members of the Viet Cong were not themselves necessarily communists. Definition of Vietcong. [71] In May 1968, Trường Chinh urged "protracted war" in a speech that was published prominently in the official media, so the fortunes of his "North first" fraction may have revived at this time. ), communiste et nationaliste, du Viêt-nam du Sud, par ses adversaires, pendant la guerre du Viêt-nam (1960-1975). VC A Vietnamese belonging to or supporting the National Liberation Front of the nation formerly named South Vietnam. vietcong \vjɛt.kɔ̃g\ masculin et féminin identiques. [57] Funeral processions were used to smuggle weapons into Saigon. New Statesman. The Viet Cong (Việt cộng ( listen)), or National Liberation Front, was a political organization and army in South Vietnam and Cambodia that fought the United States and South Vietnamese governments during the Vietnam War (1959–1975), and emerged on the winning side. Indexer des images et définir des méta-données. Radio Hanoi called it the "National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam" in a January 1961 broadcast announcing the group's formation. A member of the communist guerrilla movement in Vietnam that fought the South Vietnamese government forces 1954–75 with the support of the North Vietnamese army and opposed the South Vietnamese and US forces in the Vietnam War. [nb 4] The "2d Liberation Battalion" ambushed two companies of South Vietnamese soldiers in September 1959, the first large unit military action of the war. The Viet Cong was formed in 1954 and lasted until 1976, when it was disbanded. adj. North Vietnam established the National Liberation Front on December 20, 1960, to foment insurgency in the South. Grâce à #ETC, vous ne ferez plus cette erreur de débutant. [26], Two regional command centers were merged to create the Central Office for South Vietnam (Trung ương Cục miền Nam), a unified communist party headquarters for the South. In March 1956, southern communist leader Lê Duẩn presented a plan to revive the insurgency entitled "The Road to the South" to the other members of the Politburo in Hanoi. [71], The Viet Cong created an urban front in 1968 called the Alliance of National, Democratic, and Peace Forces. [8] American soldiers referred to the Viet Cong as Victor Charlie or V-C. "Victor" and "Charlie" are both letters in the NATO phonetic alphabet. Information and translations of Viet Cong in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. VC A Vietnamese belonging to or supporting the National Liberation Front of the nation formerly named South Vietnam. et Cong noun pl. [85], Anti-communists countered that the Viet Cong was merely a front for Hanoi. Les jeux de lettres anagramme, mot-croisé, joker, Lettris et Boggle sont proposés par Memodata. [6], To counter the accusation that North Vietnam was violating the Geneva Accord, the independence of the Viet Cong was stressed in communist propaganda. [9], Former revolutionary organization in South Vietnam and Cambodia, This article is about the communist political organisation in South Vietnam. [25] The first arms delivery via the trail, a few dozen rifles, was completed in August 1959. [57] Viet Cong entered the cities concealed among civilians returning home for Tết. Lettris est un jeu de lettres gravitationnelles proche de Tetris. Tous droits réservés. [83] North and South were merged as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in July 1976 and the PRG was dissolved. [34] About 40,000 communist soldiers infiltrated the South in 1961–63. "[59] The offensive included a commando raid on the U.S. Embassy in Saigon and a massacre at Huế of about 3,500 residents. Created in 1960, they lead an uprising against Diem's repressive regime in the South. [71] The bureaucracy of the Republic of Vietnam was uprooted and authority over the South was assigned to the PAVN. En 1976, Horst Faas s'installe à Londres en tant que responsable de la photo de l'agence Associated Press pour l'Europe. A landmark party meeting was held in December 1963, shortly after a military coup in Saigon in which Diệm was assassinated. Viet-Minh et Viet-Cong: voilà 2 termes que l’on a souvent tendance à confondre! By the terms of the Geneva Accord (1954), which ended the Indochina War, France and the Viet Minh agreed to a truce and to a separation of forces. [6] In October 1957, a series of bombs exploded in Saigon and left 13 Americans wounded. They also waged a mass murder campaign against civilian hamlets and refugee camps; in the peak war years, nearly a third of all civilian deaths were the result of Viet Cong atrocities. See more. In November, Hồ traveled to Moscow with Lê Duẩn and gained approval for a more militant line. ○   Boggle. How to … [43] Hanoi was soon receiving up-to-date surface-to-air missiles. Définition vietcong dans le dictionnaire de définitions Reverso, synonymes, voir aussi 'vection',viêt-muong',vireton',vietnamo', expressions, conjugaison, exemples Preoccupations is a Canadian post-punk band from Calgary, Alberta, formed in 2012 under the name Viet Cong.The band consists of Matt Flegel (vocals, bass), Scott Munro (guitar, synth), Daniel Christiansen (guitar) and Mike Wallace (drums). -cong, —n. Viêt-cong definition, meaning, French dictionary, synonym, see also 'viêt-muong',vection',vireton',vietnamo', Reverso dictionary, French definition, French vocabulary The Viet Cong (Vietnamese: Việt Cộng; pronounced [vîət kə̂wŋmˀ] (listen)), also known as the National Liberation Front of Southern Vietnam or NLF (Vietnamese: Mặt trận Dân tộc Giải phóng miền Nam Việt Nam), was an armed communist political revolutionary organization in South Vietnam and Cambodia. [45] Six thousand documents were captured, revealing the inner workings of the Viet Cong. Many Liberation Army of South Vietnam units operated at night,[46] and employed terror as a standard tactic. [69] The breakup of larger Viet Cong units increased the effectiveness of the CIA's Phoenix Program (1967–72), which targeted individual leaders, as well as the Chiêu Hồi Program, which encouraged defections. Copyright © 2000-2016 sensagent : Encyclopédie en ligne, Thesaurus, dictionnaire de définitions et plus. [18] Nguyễn Hữu Xuyên was assigned military command in the South,[19] replacing Lê Duẩn, who was appointed North Vietnam's acting party boss. [48] Squads were assigned monthly assassination quotas. But there were a wide variety of targets, including clinics and medical personnel. [9][nb 1] Many writers shorten this to National Liberation Front (NLF). [24] French scholar Bernard Fall published an influential article in July 1958 which analyzed the pattern of rising violence and concluded that a new war had begun. Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai negotiated the terms of the ceasefire with France and then imposed them on the Viet Minh. After subduing the Bình Xuyên organized crime gang in the Battle for Saigon in 1955, and the Hòa Hảo and other militant religious sects in early 1956, Diệm turned his attention to the Viet Cong. About 75,000 communist soldiers were killed or wounded, according to Trần Văn Trà, commander of the "B-2" district, which consisted of southern South Vietnam. Culture the Vietnam War the Vietnam War Like the Korean War, the Vietnam War was a result of US policy during the Cold War, a period when Americans believed that Communism, the political system in the Soviet Union and China, was a threat to their security and power. An oil pipeline was built from North Vietnam to Viet Cong headquarters in Lộc Ninh, about 75 miles northwest of Saigon. All Free. [33] For Chinese leader Mao Zedong, aid to North Vietnam was a way to enhance his "anti-imperialist" credentials for both domestic and international audiences. Le Front national de libération du Sud Viêt Nam, ou Front national pour la libération du Sud Viêt Nam ou Front de libération nationale du Sud Viêt Nam (FNL ou FLN) officiellement Mặt trận Dân tộc giải phóng miền Nam Việt Nam (Front populaire pour la libération du Sud du Vietnam), abrégé en Mặt trận Giải phóng miền Nam (Front pour la libération du Sud), et également désigné sous le nom de Việt Cộng (dénomination péjorative initialement utilisée par ses adversaires, également orthographiée Viet-Cong o… [82], Activists opposing American involvement in Vietnam said that the Viet Cong was a nationalist insurgency indigenous to the South. • Tet Offensive 1968, US Embassy & Saigon fighting. [36] The Viet Cong won its first military victory against South Vietnamese forces at Ấp Bắc in January 1963. © 2012 - CNRTL 44, avenue de la Libération BP 30687 54063 Nancy Cedex - France Tél. Elections on reunification were scheduled for July 1956. The Communist-led guerrilla force and revolutionary army of South Vietnam. Viet-Cong. A Vietnamese belonging to or supporting the National Liberation Front of the nation formerly named South Vietnam. The Viet Cong used any available tactic to demoralize and intimidate the population, including the assassination of South Vietnamese commanders. 1. relatif aux guérilleros du … [78], In response to the anti-war movement, the U.S. Congress passed the Case–Church Amendment to prohibit further U.S. military intervention in Vietnam in June 1973 and reduced aid to South Vietnam in August 1974. Viet Cong. As a result of an agreement with the Cambodian government made in 1966, weapons for the Viet Cong were shipped to the Cambodian port of Sihanoukville and then trucked to Viet Cong bases near the border along the "Sihanouk Trail", which replaced the Ho Chi Minh Trail. The NLF called for southern Vietnamese to "overthrow the camouflaged colonial regime of the American imperialists" and to make "efforts toward the peaceful unification". Pronunciation: (vē-et"kong', -kông', vyet"-, vē"it-), — n., pl. Chaque lettre qui apparaît descend ; il faut placer les lettres de telle manière que des mots se forment (gauche, droit, haut et bas) et que de la place soit libérée. [35] The Viet Cong grew rapidly; an estimated 300,000 members were enrolled in "liberation associations" (affiliated groups) by early 1962. © 2012 - CNRTL 44, avenue de la Libération BP 30687 54063 Nancy Cedex - France Tél. The Parrot's Beak, an area in Cambodia only 30 miles from Saigon, was prepared as a base of operations. The term Việt Cộng appeared in Saigon newspapers beginning in 1956. Le service web Alexandria est motorisé par Memodata pour faciliter les recherches sur Ebay. ), communiste et nationaliste, du Viêt-nam du Sud, par ses adversaires, pendant la guerre du Viêt-nam (1960-1975). nom donné au Front National de Libération (F.N.L. The official Vietnamese history gives the group's name as the Liberation Army of South Vietnam or the National Liberation Front for South Vietnam (NLFSV; Mặt trận Dân tộc Giải phóng miền Nam Việt Nam. • U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee, The Human Cost of Communism in Vietnam (1972), part I, part II, part III, and part IV. Participer au concours et enregistrer votre nom dans la liste de meilleurs joueurs ! The Ho Chi Minh Trail, beginning as a series of treacherous mountain tracks at the start of the war, was upgraded throughout the war, first into a road network driveable by trucks in the dry season, and finally, into paved, all-weather roads that could be used year-round, even during the monsoon. Many of the Viet Cong's core members were volunteer "regroupees", southern Viet Minh who had resettled in the North after the Geneva Accord (1954). [82] Without consulting the PRG, North Vietnamese leaders decided to rapidly dissolve the PRG at a party meeting in August 1975. CBS News footage of the Tet Offensive. ), communiste et nationaliste, du Viêt-nam du Sud, par ses adversaires, pendant la guerre du Viêt-nam (1960-1975). Vietcong definition: the Communist-led guerrilla force and revolutionary army of South Vietnam ; the armed... | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples [56] After Thanh's death in July, Giáp was assigned to implement this plan, now known as the Tet Offensive. [37] U.S. President John F. Kennedy decided in November 1961 to substantially increase American military aid to South Vietnam. La puissance coloniale française paraît en position de faiblesse. By mid-1962, there were 12,000 U.S. military advisors in Vietnam. COSVN retreated to Mimot in Cambodia. They were allied with North Vietnam and the troops of Ho Chi Minh, who sought to conquer the south and create a unified, communist state of Vietnam. ○   jokers, mots-croisés Search Viet Cong and thousands of other words in English definition and synonym dictionary from Reverso. LA fenêtre fournit des explications et des traductions contextuelles, c'est-à-dire sans obliger votre visiteur à quitter votre page web ! Members generally referred to the Viet Cong as "the Front" (Mặt trận). Its military force, the Liberation Army of South Vietnam (LASV), fought against the United States and South Vietnamese governments during the Vietnam War, eventually emerging on the winning side. avec . [49] Government employees, especially village and district heads, were the most common targets. Renseignements suite à un email de description de votre projet. : a guerrilla member of the Vietnamese Communist movement. The Viet Cong -- also known as the National Liberation Front -- was primarily an army organization based in Southern Vietnam and parts of Cambodia. Viet Cong, by definition, are not infantry. [6] It is a contraction of Việt Nam Cộng-sản (Vietnamese communist),[6] or alternatively Việt gian cộng sản ("Communist Traitor to Vietnam"). The Viet Cong created the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam in December 1960 at Tân Lập village in Tây Ninh as a "united front", or political branch intended to encourage the participation of non-communists. About 90,000 Viet Minh were evacuated to the North while 5,000 to 10,000 cadre remained in the South, most of them with orders to refocus on political activity and agitation. En poursuivant votre navigation sur ce site, vous acceptez l'utilisation de ces cookies. [64] "We did not base ourselves on scientific calculation or a careful weighing of all factors, but...on an illusion based on our subjective desires", Trà concluded. [16] Lê Duẩn's blueprint for revolution in the South was approved in principle, but implementation was conditional on winning international support and on modernizing the army, which was expected to take at least until 1959. Fixer la signification de chaque méta-donnée (multilingue). [67] U.S. President Lyndon Johnson and Westmoreland argued that panicky news coverage gave the public the unfair perception that America had been defeated. In 1968, when U.S. officials were claiming the Vietnam War was nearly won, North Vietnam and the Viet Cong launched a devastating attack during the Tet holiday. Information and translations of vietcong in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on … Later communist offensives were conducted predominantly by the North Vietnamese. People considered tainted by association with the former South Vietnamese government were sent to reeducation camps, despite the protests of the non-communist PRG members including Tạng. Le Viet Cong – également connu comme Front national de libération du Sud Viêt Nam – est essentiellement une organisation de l’armée basée au Vietnam du Sud et dans certaines parties du Cambodge. The Democratic Republic of Vietnam in the past and Vietnam in the present did not and do not recognize the division of Vietnam into two countries.